Vitamin B12 Test “B12 Test”: Measures the amount of vitamin B12 in the blood, which is essential for DNA formation, nerve cells, red blood cells, and cognitive functions.
The Vitamin B12 test is a laboratory examination used to measure the concentration of Vitamin B12 in the blood. This vitamin is essential for red blood cell formation, maintaining nervous system health, and participating in DNA production.
Deficiency or excess in Vitamin B12 levels.
Causes of macrocytic anemia.
Unexplained neurological problems (such as numbness and balance impairment).
Effectiveness of treatment with B12 injections or supplements.
Venous blood sample.
Fasting is not required in most cases, but it is preferable to consult your physician if the test is part of a panel of other tests.
Reference (Normal) Values:
190 to 950 picograms/mL (pg/mL)
Values may vary slightly between laboratories depending on analytical equipment.
Result Interpretation:
Low Level:
Below 190 pg/mL → Indicates potential deficiency.
Below 150 pg/mL → Clear deficiency, treatment is recommended.
Malabsorption (such as: Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, gastrectomy).
Intrinsic factor deficiency (Pernicious anemia).
Strict vegetarian diet.
Advanced age.
Use of medications such as metformin or antacids for extended periods.
Above 950 pg/mL → Usually not concerning, but may indicate:
Liver disease.
Certain types of cancer.
High-dose B12 supplement intake.
Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) – Elevated in B12 deficiency.
Homocysteine – Elevated in B12 and folic acid deficiency.
CBC Test – To detect macrocytic anemia.
Fasting is not required, unless the test is requested with other tests that require it.
It is preferable to discontinue dietary supplements 24 hours before the test (after consulting your physician).
Vitamin B12 injections (intramuscular or intravenous).
Oral supplements in mild cases.
Treatment of the underlying cause in cases of malabsorption.
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